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CONTENTS:
PART I. MORAL FOUNDATIONS - 1. MORAL NORMS - Normative and Nonnormative Ethics - The Common Morality as Universal Morality - Particular Moralities as Nonuniversal - Moral Dilemmas - A Framework of Moral Norms - Conflicting Moral Norms - 2. MORAL CHARACTER - Moral Virtues - Virtues in Professional Roles - The Virtue of Caring - Five Focal Virtues - Moral Virtues and Action Guides - Moral Ideals - Moral Excellence - 3. MORAL STATUS - The Problem of Moral Status - Theories of Moral Status - From Theories to Practical Guidelines - Vulnerable Populations - PART II. MORAL PRINCIPLES - 4. RESPECT FOR AUTONOMY - The Nature of Autonomy - The Capacity for Autonomous Choice - The Meaning and Justification of Informed Consent - Disclosure - Understanding - Voluntariness - A Framework of Standards for Surrogate Decision Making - 5. NONMALEFICENCE - The Concept of Nonmaleficence - Distinctions and Rules Governing Nontreatment - Optional Treatments and Obligatory Treatments - Killing and Letting Die - The Justification of Intentionally Arranged Deaths - Protecting Incompetent Patients - 6. BENEFICENCE - The Concept of Beneficence - Obligatory Beneficence and Ideal Beneficence - Paternalism: Conflicts Between Beneficence and Autonomy - Balancing Benefits, Costs, and Risks - The Value and Quality of Life - 7. JUSTICE - The Concept of Justice - Theories of Justice - Fair Opportunity and Unfair Discrimination - Vulnerability and Exploitation - National Health Policy and the Right to Health Care - Global Health Policy and the Right to Health - Allocating, Setting Priorities, and Rationing - 8. PROFESSIONAL-PATIENT RELATIONSHIPS - Veracity - Privacy - Confidentiality - Fidelity - The Dual Roles of Clinician and Investigator - PART III. THEORY AND METHOD - 9. MORAL THEORIES - Criteria for Theory Construction - Utilitarianism - Kantianism - Rights Theory - Communitarianism - Convergence of Theories - 10. METHOD AND MORAL JUSTIFICATION - Justification in Ethics - Top-Down Models: Theory and Application - Bottom-Up Models: Cases and Analogy - An Integrated Model Using Reflective Equilibrium - Common-Morality Theory - INDEX
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